ABSTRACT
Rhodococcus equi (formerly Corynebacterium equi) are known to be highly virulent, intermediate in virulence, or avirulent correlated with specific virulence-associated antigens identified immunochemically by different molecular weights. The association of virulence antigens with infection of AIDS patients by this organism has not been sufficiently evaluated in Brazil or Italy. The objective of the present study was to search for virulence-associated antigens of 15-to 17kD and 20-kD in Rhodococcus equi strains isolated from patients with rhodococcal infection and AIDS. Four Brazilian and 9 Italian strains were studied. All isolates were analyzed by gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting using specific monoclonal antibodies to identify virulence-associated antigens. The results obtained on gel electrophoresis analyses showed complexing of R. equi components with proteins of molecular weights ranging from 10-to 150-kD. By immunoblotting, a wide diversity in R. equi virulence-associated antigens was detected: 1 of the 4 Brazilian isolates and 2 Italian isolates had the 15-to 17-kD virulence-associated antigen, 3 Brazilian isolates and 1 Italian isolate had the 20-kD virulence-associated antigen, and the other Italian isolates had no virulence-associated antigens. These results indicate that the pathogenicity of R. equi trains for humans does not depend only on the presence of these well established virulence-associated antigens.